Dr. GR¨¹TTER got his PhD in The Effectiveness of Shop Floor Improvement Teams from University of Cape Town, South Africa. He got more than 22 years of teaching experience and more than 18 years of corporate and consultancy experience. Dr. Grutter  is the CEO of the Lean Institute Africa, a not-for-profit organization, conducting applied research on the effective implementation of lean management in both public and private sector. He has been teaching operations management since 1993 at a large number of South African universities. He also served as the acting director of the School of Business and Finance at the University of the Western Cape in Cape Town, South Africa.